Clearly we have the technique to build towers 800 metros de altura, impressive bridges and tunnels 50 km but apparently not know how to adapt to nature and to build for the environment at will fit. The challenge of contemporary architecture is to use systems that mimic nature for more suitable designs.
Fuente: noarquitectura.com y hipernova.cl
It has become rational architecture, Gothic, Modernist, brutal ... even futuristic, but none works better than traditional architecture, polished from trial and error and improved over generations. Are the methods used in nature. Systems and geometries are obtained not for aesthetic or fashion, but optimization needs and.
In this article we wanted to talk a little about these systems, looking at the patterns of nature as optimization model.
The classic example of temperature regulation are African termite. The reason for your design is based on its power (Mushroom Cultivation), located in the heart of the mound and should remain at a constant temperature 30 ˚C. Amazing fact since the outside temperature is unchanged 1 ˚C overnight at 40 ˚C during the day.
The air conditioning system of a termite mound is organized around a set of chambers and tunnels that form the structure and lead the hot air outside Venturi effect. When cooling is needed, the air is "cool" when in contact with moist soil soil (evaporative cooling), whereas when you have to heat the termitero, termites regulate the indoor temperature and tunneling covering generating convection currents. The height and orientation of its central fireplace, always oriented North, improves air circulation and is an important factor, As the wall thickness (thermal inertia), heat accumulated in the walls during the day is released into overnight and cooled walls and reheated during the day.
Eastgate Center, Mick Pearce. Fuente: inhabitat.com
The architect Mick Pearce is set in the functioning of termites to design a commercial building whose main requirement was to prevent the installation of air conditioners (given its high cost project location, Zimbabwe). The Eastgate Centre regulates its temperature using the chimney effect of termite mounds and cooling together overnight for mechanical ventilation. Use less of a 10% energy of a conventional building of size, saving and 3.5 million to its owner.
To design the nature we must rethink everything learned and question current needs. If they do termites, Why not us?
"The architect of the future will be based on the imitation of nature, because it is the most rational way, durable and economical of all methods "
Antoni Gaudí.
Comparto totalmente la cita de Gaudí. Pero tengo una pregunta, ¿cómo saben las termitas que agujeros tienen que tapar? No pensaba que fueran tan inteligentes como para construir aplicando el efecto venturi.
Buen post!
Me encanta este artículo! La verdad es que muchos cambios tienen que venir “obligados” por las administraciones de lo contrario veo difícil una transformación en la manera de hacer proyectos.
Llega tarde mi respuesta pero espero la veas y todavía te interese, la respuesta es que son completamente carentes de inteligencia, siendo que la selección natural a través de millones de años, haya logrado que las que hacían mejor este trabajo sobrevivan y dejen descendencia, así como con hormigas, hay distintos tipos de castas dentro de el termitero, y ciertas termitas obreras están genéticamente adaptadas para tras un cambio hormonal cumplir estos roles. sin conocer en profundidad la arquitectura de estos termiteros supongo que al percibir subas o bajas en la temperatura de los conductos estas deben cerrar o abrir conductos de calefacción o ventilación con funciones sensoriales básicas. seguramente estos conductos se diferencien en forma, orientación o temperatura al tacto para las termitas.
espero que te sirva mi respuesta, un poco con bases y otro poco improvisada, saludos.